Commands for Importing Contents from Another Keystore. Signature algorithm identifier: This identifies the algorithm used by the CA to sign the certificate. The startdate argument is the start time and date that the certificate is valid. If the -new option isnt provided at the command line, then the user is prompted for it. If the destination alias already exists in the destination keystore, then the user is prompted either to overwrite the entry or to create a new entry under a different alias name. If such an attack took place, and you didnt check the certificate before you imported it, then you would be trusting anything the attacker signed, for example, a JAR file with malicious class files inside. The CA authenticates the certificate requestor (usually offline) and returns a certificate or certificate chain to replace the existing certificate chain (initially a self-signed certificate) in the keystore. Unlike an SSL certificate that you purchase, a self-signed certificate is only used for development/testing purposes to use a secure connection. For Oracle Solaris, Linux, OS X, and Windows, you can list the default certificates with the following command: System administrators must change the initial password and the default access permission of the cacerts keystore file upon installing the SDK. A certificate (or public-key certificate) is a digitally signed statement from one entity (the issuer), saying that the public key and some other information of another entity (the subject) has some specific value. A Java Keystore is a container for authorization certificates or public key certificates, and is often used by Java-based applications for encryption, authentication, and serving over HTTPS. In this case, no options are required, and the defaults are used for unspecified options that have default values. If required the Unlock Entry dialog will be displayed. For example, if a certificate has the KeyUsage extension marked critical and set to keyCertSign, then when this certificate is presented during SSL communication, it should be rejected because the certificate extension indicates that the associated private key should only be used for signing certificates and not for SSL use. Keytool is a certificate management utility included with Java. keytool -list -keystore ..\lib\security\cacerts. First, convert the keystore from JKS to PKCS12 (this and other commands will require password entry): keytool -importkeystore -srckeystore old.jks -destkeystore old.p12 -deststoretype pkcs12 Next, export a PEM file with key and certs from the PKCS12 file: openssl pkcs12 -in old.p12 -out pemfile.pem -nodes Use the -genkeypair command to generate a key pair (a public key and associated private key). This certificate chain is constructed by using the certificate reply and trusted certificates available either in the keystore where you import the reply or in the cacerts keystore file. This algorithm must be compatible with the -keyalg value. See Commands and Options for a description of these commands with their options. The -keypass value is a password that protects the secret key. You can then export the certificate and supply it to your clients. If a single-valued option is provided multiple times, the value of the last one is used. The command reads the request from file. Step 1: Upload SSL files. After importing the certificate reply, you may want to remove the initial key entry that used your old distinguished name: If the -rfc option is specified, then the certificate is output in the printable encoding format. You could have the following: In this case, a keystore entry with the alias mykey is created, with a newly generated key pair and a certificate that is valid for 90 days. The days argument tells the number of days for which the certificate should be considered valid. A CSR is intended to be sent to a CA. The keytool command is a key and certificate management utility. The value is a concatenation of a sequence of subvalues. If the keytool command fails to establish a trust path from the certificate to be imported up to a self-signed certificate (either from the keystore or the cacerts file), then the certificate information is printed, and the user is prompted to verify it by comparing the displayed certificate fingerprints with the fingerprints obtained from some other (trusted) source of information, which might be the certificate owner. The keytool command can handle both types of entries, while the jarsigner tool only handles the latter type of entry, that is private keys and their associated certificate chains. If the -v option is specified, then the certificate is printed in human-readable format, with additional information such as the owner, issuer, serial number, and any extensions. View the certificate first with the -printcert command or the -importcert command without the -noprompt option. In this case, the alias shouldnt already exist in the keystore. With the keytool command, it is possible to display, import, and export certificates. If it detects alias duplication, then it asks you for a new alias, and you can specify a new alias or simply allow the keytool command to overwrite the existing one. For legacy security providers located on classpath and loaded by reflection, -providerclass should still be used. For example, if you sent your certificate signing request to DigiCert, then you can import their reply by entering the following command: In this example, the returned certificate is named DCmyname.cer. In JDK 9 and later, the default keystore implementation is PKCS12. Running keytool only is the same as keytool -help. With the -srcalias option specified, you can also specify the destination alias name, protection password for a secret or private key, and the destination protection password you want as follows: The following are keytool commands used to generate key pairs and certificates for three entities: Ensure that you store all the certificates in the same keystore. keytool - a key and certificate management utility Synopsis keytool[commands] commands Commands for keytoolinclude the following: -certreq: Generates a certificate request -changealias: Changes an entry's alias -delete: Deletes an entry -exportcert: Exports certificate -genkeypair: Generates a key pair -genseckey: Generates a secret key If you dont specify a required password option on a command line, then you are prompted for it. Subsequent keytool commands must use this same alias to refer to the entity. That is, there is a corresponding abstract KeystoreSpi class, also in the java.security package, which defines the Service Provider Interface methods that providers must implement. One way that clients can authenticate you is by importing your public key certificate into their keystore as a trusted entry. If the -srcalias option isnt provided, then all entries in the source keystore are imported into the destination keystore. The subject is the entity whose public key is being authenticated by the certificate. In other cases, the CA might return a chain of certificates. The keytool command allows us to create self-signed certificates and show information about the keystore. You can find the cacerts file in the JRE installation directory. Note that OpenSSL often adds readable comments before the key, keytooldoes not support that, so remove the OpenSSL comments if they exist before importing the key using keytool. Otherwise, the password is retrieved as follows: env: Retrieve the password from the environment variable named argument. Intro. Used to specify the name of a cryptographic service provider's master class file when the service provider isnt listed in the security properties file. {-providerclass class [-providerarg arg]}: Add security provider by fully qualified class name with an optional configure argument. The entry is called a trusted certificate because the keystore owner trusts that the public key in the certificate belongs to the identity identified by the subject (owner) of the certificate. Braces surrounding an option signify that a default value is used when the option isnt specified on the command line. For example, the issue time can be specified by: With the second form, the user sets the exact issue time in two parts, year/month/day and hour:minute:second (using the local time zone). See Certificate Chains. This is specified by the following line in the security properties file: To have the tools utilize a keystore implementation other than the default, you can change that line to specify a different keystore type. However, a password shouldnt be specified on a command line or in a script unless it is for testing, or you are on a secure system. Java Keytool is a key and certificate management tool that is used to manipulate Java Keystores, and is included with Java. Otherwise, an error is reported. When not provided at the command line, the user is prompted for the alias. The 3 files I need are as follows (in PEM format): an unecrypted key file a client certificate file a CA certificate file (root and all intermediate) This is a common task I have to perform, so I'm looking for a way to do this without any manual editing of the output. The following are the available options for the -printcert command: {-sslserver server[:port]}: Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) server host and port. The subjectKeyIdentifier extension is always created. In this case, the keytool command doesnt print the certificate and prompt the user to verify it, because it is very difficult for a user to determine the authenticity of the certificate reply. You import a certificate for two reasons: To add it to the list of trusted certificates, and to import a certificate reply received from a certificate authority (CA) as the result of submitting a Certificate Signing Request (CSR) to that CA. Users should be aware that some combinations of extensions (and other certificate fields) may not conform to the Internet standard. 3. The -keypass option provides a password to protect the imported passphrase. Description. You cant specify both -v and -rfc in the same command. When dname is provided, it is used as the subject of the generated certificate. If you dont specify either option, then the certificate is read from stdin. For the -keypass option, if you dont specify the option on the command line, then the keytool command first attempts to use the keystore password to recover the private/secret key. I mport the certificate chain by using the following command: keytool -importcert -keystore $CATALINA_HOME/conf/keystore.p12 -trustcacerts -alias tomcat -keypass <truststore_password> -storepass <truststore_password> -file <certificatefilename> -storetype PKCS12 -providername JsafeJCE -keyalg RSA Copy Before you consider adding the certificate to your list of trusted certificates, you can execute a -printcert command to view its fingerprints, as follows: View the certificate first with the -printcert command or the -importcert command without the -noprompt option. We use it to manage keys and certificates and store them in a keystore. If interoperability with older releases of the JDK is important, make sure that the defaults are supported by those releases. 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