Still others compete on the basis of product flexibility, their ability to handle difficult, nonstandard orders and to lead in new product introduction. As observed, the organizational structure and the management practices not only demotivate the employees, impeding the use of the employees' full potential, but also strongly interfere with the production flow, causing disruptions in the production process and delay of orders. Determine how many employees you need to include and where they fall within your chart. But the point is that divestiture could be accomplished readily, and this is the acid test of an effective and focused manufacturing organization. Use Creately's easy online diagram editor to edit this diagram, collaborate with others and export results to multiple image formats. See, for example, Wickham Skinner, ManufacturingMissing Link in Corporate Strategy, HBR MayJune 1969, p. 136, and The Focused Factory, HBR MayJune 1974, p. 113. The Role of Organizational Structure. 5. The purpose of an organizational structure is to allocate and coordinate the company's resources so that management and employees can work effectively. Connect projects with organization strategy. Decisions regarding organizational design also will be highly dependent on vertical integration decisions, as well as on the companys decisions regarding how various plants are located, specialized, and interrelated. A hierarchical organizational chart is used in small and large companies. One test of whether a company has a strategy is that it is clear not only about what it wants to do but also about what it does not want to dowhat proposals it will consistently say no to. Sometimes such growth can be met with existing facilities. Other companies, however, are so structured and managed that a certain rate of growth is required in order for the organization to function properly. 3. Without such consistency, it does not matter how much effort a company puts into formulating and expounding on its strategyit essentially does not have one. The most fundamental advantage of an organizational chart is the fact that the reporting line and chain of command become clear. Over time he may create a set of huge, tightly interconnected plants that exhibit many of the same characteristics as a process organization: tight central control, inflexibility, and constraints on further incremental expansion. This structure is organized by departments and expertise areas, such as R&D (research . Aseem Kishore, the CEO of Help Desk Geek, outlines some of the benefits of creating an organizational chart. Mistake 2: placing the quality department under the production manager. Its decisions about which to accept and which to reject signal, in a profound way, the kind of company it prefers to be. Find a partner or join our award-winning program. Grab Any of Template.net's Manufacturing Organizational Chart PDF Templates for Free! 3. Facilities decisions involve the following considerations: 1. Product focus demands talented, entrepreneurially minded junior managers and thus much concern for recruiting and managerial development. This involves asking critical questions such as: Boston Consulting Group has identified a trend across different manufacturing industries toward more centralized decision making and the use of functional organization for units such as production control, engineering, IT, planning and asset management. And it is further compounded by many top managers lack of understanding of the kind of changes that are needed, as well as by their unwillingness to commit the resources to effect such changes. An interesting article describes David Packards attempts to redirect Hewlett-Packard away from the latter approach, where it was nose-to-nose with Texas Instruments, and back toward the former approach.3. Gillette and Head Ski are examples of such companies. This makes the job of the central staff relatively easy (in some respects it becomes almost nonexistent), but the job of the plant management becomes horrendous. Easily Editable, Printable, Downloadable. Its manufacturing organization was highly decentralized and adept at new product introduction and fast product mix changes. IBM has been cited as an example of a company that competes on this basis; in a sense, so do AT&T and Sears, Roebuck. Though, an org chart is not exclusive to manufacturing and can be implemented in almost every other domain. In reality, the auto companies are classic examples of large process-focused organizations. Values. The structural requirements for incorporating formal communication differ from more informal communication, he says. Others feel more comfortable with a high-volume business, despite the fact that this commits them to severe cost-reduction pressure and often implies low margins. Again and again the root of a manufacturing crisis is that a companys manufacturing policies and peopleworkers, supervisors, and managersbecome incompatible with its plant and equipment, or both become incompatible with its competitive needs. In this instance a corporate staff oversees two independent product groups, which serve two distinct markets. Report: Empowering Employees to Drive Innovation. The more top management delegates key manufacturing decisions to manufacturing specialists (usually engineers), the more likely it is that manufacturings priorities will be different from corporate priorities. The image above is an example of what . each division within a divisional structure can have its own marketing team, its own sales team, and so on). You can create an organizational chart very simply, using our downloadable Excel templates. How can you best ensure technology standards are implemented across all business units? The decisions that implement a set of manufacturing priorities are structural; for a given company or business they are made infrequently and at various intervals. These are in addition to the company's functional groups, which operate at a global level. Hewlett-Packard: Where Slower Growth Is Smarter Management, Business Week, June 9, 1975, p. 50. All Rights Reserved Smartsheet Inc. A manufacturing plant organizational chart can help you visualize the management structure you are working with. This template provides a simple base hierarchy that you can build upon to create your own organizational chart. To customize the look of your chart, click on an icon in your chart. Included on this page, youll learn why your small business needs an organizational chart, how to create a simple organizational chart from a template, and how company culture plays a part in the shape of your chart. Creating a small business organizational chart is a simple process. Find tutorials, help articles & webinars. Only at the last stage (Process C) can the plant manager be measured on a profitability basis, and even that measure depends greatly on negotiated transfer prices and the smooth functioning of the rest of the system. Add Employee Entries to the Chart as Needed, Tips for Creating an Organizational Chart for a Small Business. A product focus, however, is inherently easier to manage because of its small scale and single mindedness. Thus the strong tend to get stronger and the weak weaker. Moreover, problems in a corporations manufacturing organization frequently surface at about the same time as problems in the rest of the company, and they surface in a variety of ways. A manufacturing manager has nicely aligned his organization according to corporate priorities when suddenly he is subjected to pressure from marketing because of customer complaints about product quality or delivery times. The above manufacturing organizational . Study organization structure of two IT companies and prepare a report comprising . From this tab, you can change the shapes and colors of your employee entries. Such manufacturing inertia is made worse by many manufacturing managers reluctance to change. Get answers to common questions or open up a support case. Then he is confronted with pressure from finance to reduce costs or investment or both. For example, a company offering several complex products whose manufacture takes these products through very definite process stages, in which the avowed focus is process-oriented, and with separate divisions for stages of the process all subject to strong central direction, must resist the temptation to alter manufacturing so that it can get closer to the market. If the various product lines were allowed to make uncoordinated requests for product design changes or new product introductions, the tightly coupled process pipeline could then crumble. Make a list of names and who they report to. Growth realized through geographic expansion is more problematic. Should units like engineering, asset management and maintenance be integrated into manufacturing or separated from it? By outlining the organizational structure, companies can help provide a roadmap for growth, as well as improved visibility and communication. See how our customers are building and benefiting. In fact, the connection is much more critical and much more sensitive. If its current set of products and markets will not permit this desired rate of growth, it will seek new ones to fill the gap. Again, this decision will closely reflect its attitudes regarding dominant orientation and diversification. An IT organizational structure involves the process of how a company assigns and coordinates tasks within its IT department. A company that is stricter in its approach to roles and rigidity will produce a taller, narrower chart. A well-designed structure should have defined lines of authority, channels for the flow of information and a means of control. How this is done depends on the size of the company and the work being done in each location. How else can a company organize around such situations? For example, marketing managers segment markets and focus product design, promotional, and pricing effects around the needs of particular segments, often at the expense of the needs of other segments. A typical manufacturing company department structure would, for the sake of example, consist of three departments: finance, operations and marketing. For example, growth can move a company up against a different set of competitors at the same time it is acquiring new resources and thus force a change in its competitive strategy. Add or remove nodes in your org chart by clicking on the '+' or '-' buttons. The organizational structure needs to ensure that responsibility is given to the right people without causing information bottlenecks, duplicating efforts or wasting resources. Another variant of this difficulty is for the captive supplier plant for one product group to supply a major portion of the requirements of another product groups plant. Copy and paste the name bubbles, connecting lines, and photo placeholders to create your layout, and then add photos and customize the look. When teams have clarity into the work getting done, theres no telling how much more they can accomplish in the same amount of time. Every company continually confronts a variety of growth opportunities. While each type of organizational chart can be modified and edited, most companies use org charts that fall into one of these four categories: 1. Two representative texts are: Kenneth R. Andrews, The Concept of Corporate Strategy (Homewood, Ill.: Dow Jones-Irwin, 1971), and H. Igor Ansoff, Corporate Strategy (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1965). Becky Simon. If different manufacturing groups within the same company have different focuses, they should be separated as much as possibleeach with its own central staff. Other companies compete by promising utter dependability; their product may be priced higher and may not have some of the competitive products features or workmanship. The problems and pressures facing manufacturing companies ultimately find their way to the factory floor, where managers have to deal with them through some sort of organizational structure. We utilize the standard hierarchical model for our organization. Use this free manufacturing business plan to start and grow a thriving, profitable manufacturing business. A project-based structure has worked best for our small business. Click on the top-most bubble (which is colored blue-gray by default) in the template and enter the name of the highest-ranking employee in your company, as well as their title. These resources have to be deployed, coordinated, and managed in such a way that they strengthen the institutions purpose; if not, they will almost certainly cripple it. It is both difficult and potentially dangerous for a company to try to compete by offering superior performance along several competitive dimensions. Collaborative Work Management Tools, Q4 2022, Strategic Portfolio Management Tools, Q4 2020. Ensure portfolio success and deliver impact at scale. Thus, "bad leadership" imposes considerable costs for the company. Unfortunately, this structure often is itself part of the problem. The structure will differ from company to company, depending on the size, scope, and product type. amount of revenue. For example, Procter & Gamble's "four pillars" refer to four departmentalization models, which it uses at the same time. Authority in the product-focused organization is highly decentralized, which contributes to the flexibility of this type of organization in new product introduction. A plants total annual capacity (a facilities decision) depends on whether the production rate is kept as constant as possible over time or, alternatively, changed frequently in an attempt to chase demand (an infrastructure decision). The connection between manufacturing and corporate success is rarely seen as more than the achievement of high efficiency and low costs. Revisit and revise your chart on a regular basis to ensure that it is accurate and up to date. Thus he will probably be regarded as a cost center and be measured in large part on his ability to work smoothly within this highly interdependent system. Weve provided some examples of the kinds of charts you might expect to find in different small business situations below. To cope with growth, we believe that first one must identify and understand the type of growth being experienced and the demands it will place on the organization. Boston Consulting Group recommends aligning your choices in organizational structure with your company's strategies. A conglomerate had put together a group of four major divisions that made sense in terms of their financial and marketing synergy. If your company works on multiple projects at the same time, with multiple teams, a matrix might be best to display that reality. Example 6: Manufacturing Company Organizational Chart. These types of growth are very different, but it is important to distinguish among them so that the organization design can reflect the kind of growth experienced, not simply the fact of growth. The following four attitudes shape those aspects of a companys corporate strategy that are relevant to manufacturing. Find the best project team and forecast resourcing needs. One way for a company to test the degree of organizational focus in its manufacturing arm, and whether adequate insulation between product- and process-focused plant groups exists, is to contemplate how it would fragment itself if forced to (by the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice for example). To change the color scheme of an icon, locate the, Change the background color of a shape by selecting a color from the, You can add various edge effects to a shape from the. A traditional line organizational structure is truly the place to start for most companies, especially the smaller ones that don't necessarily comprise a vast number of departments or require a major number of links in the chain of command/communication. This typically allows companies to move faster in increasingly global markets while ensuring standards are met across the company regardless of location. If the companies had to divest themselves, it could only be by process segment. One obvious indication of a companys relative emphasis on growth is how growth is treated in its planning, budgeting, and performance evaluation cycle, and particularly the importance that is placed on annual growth rate, compared with such other measures as return on sales or return on assets. Get expert help to deliver end-to-end business solutions. The concept of manufacturing strategy is a natural extension of the concept of corporate strategy, although the latter need not be as rational and explicit as management theorists usually require.2 As we use the term, a corporate strategy simply implies a consistency, over time, in the companys preferences for and biases against certain management choices as shown in Exhibit I. However, as a small manufacturing facility starting out, the CEO, President and VP will be responsible for the . They consider their primary expertise to be the ability to understand and respond effectively to the needs of a particular market or consumer group. Traditional. Deliver results faster with Smartsheet Gov. Report on key metrics and get real-time visibility into work as it happens with roll-up reports, dashboards, and automated workflows built to keep your team connected and informed. Unless a manufacturing organization is designed so that it can grow with the company, it will become increasingly unstable and inappropriate to the companys needs. Consider the large auto companies. The manufacturing or production manager of an organization is the leader of the production workers and supervisors in the production facility. We intend here to differentiate between an actual quality differential and a perceived difference, which is much more a function of selling and advertising strategy. 4. A product focused organization is a clean one, with responsibilities well delineated, and profit or return on investment the primary measures. 4. Corporations use organizational structures that place key positions over the situational needs of the industrial operations. For those deciding on the layout, however, creating a structure is no easy feat, particularly for a company that manufactures products. They know that all-purpose tools generally are used only when a specific tool is not available. What Is a Small Business Organizational Chart? Among the characteristics of a company that shape corporate and therefore manufacturing strategy are its dominant orientation (market or product), pattern of diversification (product, market, or process), attitude toward growth (acceptance of low growth rate), and choice between competitive strategies (high profit margins versus high output volumes). 2. Send your first draft to colleagues to review, and make any needed changes. To change the shape of an icon, locate the. Second Pillar:Selling and market operations groups are arranged with the geographical model for North America, Latin America, Asia-Pacific, Europe, China, India, the Middle East and Africa. Responsibilities throughout the plant and also throughout the upper management hierarchy are delineated, not by product line, but by segment of the full manufacturing process. A process-focused organization demands tremendous attention to coordinating functional responsibilities to ensure smooth changes in the product mix. An organizational chart can take many forms, especially for small businesses. Other companies are clearly oriented to materials or products; they are so-called steel companies, rubber companies, or oil companies (or, more recently, energy companies). Examining the extremes of product-focused and process-focused organizations, the authors illustrate the development of a manufacturing mission whereby the organization of manufacturing supports managements needs. This means keeping the organization as stable and focused as possible as growth proceeds. 6.0 MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE . But these divisions manufacturing organizations had little in common, little internal direction, and no overall coordination. Such a situation could occur in spite of the fact that the corporation as a whole continues to emphasize market flexibility, decentralized responsibility, and technological opportunism. Since these plants are technologically based, they tend to be staffed with people who are highly expert and up to date in that technology. Growth has four important dimensions: 1. Should manufacturing responsibility be centralized, or should decisions be made locally to account for regional differences? It is seldom neutral. Strategy. The organizational structure for a manufacturer is usually unique from other types of companies. In fact, it is entirely possible that two divisions within a divisionally organized company would choose to organize their manufacturing groups differently. Manufacturing organizations tend to attract the attention of general managers the way airlines do: one only notices them when theyre late, when ticket prices rise, or when theres a crash. To illustrate, we can examine some mixed organizational focuses and the difficulties they might encounter. 2. Dominant orientationSome companies are clearly market oriented. First, choose the type of chart that best suits your company's needs. Quality and volume levels are not mixed; worker training and incentives have a clear focus; and engineering of processes, equipment, and materials handling are specialized as needed. Some small businesses may find that the top of their hierarchy remains unchanging while their teams change based on the project. Translating a set of manufacturing priorities into an appropriate collection of plant, people, and policies requires resources, time, and management perseverance. Exhibit I Corporate Attitudes That Imply Strategic Preferences. A sluggishness and sense of lost direction began to afflict the manufacturing organization, as overhead and logistics costs soared. Manage and distribute assets, and see how they perform. Such a company could, of course, be a relatively independent division within a larger enterprise. Basically, the product-focused organization resembles a traditional plant-with-staff organization, which then replicates itself at higher levels to handle groups of plants and then groups of products and product lines. With this brief overview, let us turn to more realistic product and process organizations. These are more flexible than traditional structures, allowing management to move employees as needed to respond to dynamic working environments. Aug. 17. Then, determine who reports to whom and create a chart. All these factors enter into the following scenario. Once you have downloaded your template, open it in Microsoft Excel. Empower your people to go above and beyond with a flexible platform designed to match the needs of your team and adapt as those needs change. Therefore, simplicity and focus are not sufficient criteria; the organizational design must somehow also incorporate the possibility of growth. Especially if growth is rapid, top-level managers will be pressed continually to decide on capital acquisitions and deployment, and to relinquish some authority over operational issues in existing plants. However, combining two dissimilar activities does not reduce complexity; it simply camouflages it and is likely to destroy the focus and distinctiveness of both. Click, Right-click in the chart where you would like to place your icon. Align campaigns, creative operations, and more. It is surprising that general managers sometimes tend to lose sight of this concept, since the need for priorities permeates all other arenas of management. Improve efficiency and patient experiences. This is true of both manufacturing and service organizations, in both the private and public sectors of our economy. It guides communication between the team and keeps the team accountable. As we mentioned earlier, the great bulk of most companies assets (capital, human, and managerial) is found in manufacturing. The project-based system helps add to the resource pool and makes it more diverse. Build easy-to-navigate business apps in minutes. The shape of your structure may grow wider or longer, depending on how many rungs of accountability your business has and how often they work together. In fact, growth is an enemy of focus and can subvert a healthy manufacturing operationnot all at once, but bit by bit. However, if the company has longer reporting lines, the structure will be longer as well, explains Kishore. The kind of equipment and production technology used in these plants. Get expert coaching, deep technical support and guidance. The functional structure, shown in Exhibit 4.7, is among the earliest and most used organizational designs. From a layperson's perspective, an organizational diagram for a manufacturing company may seem like an easy read. From the point of view of the marketplace, they are organized by product groups (Oldsmobile, Lincoln, Mercury, Chevrolet, and so on), but this organization is essentially cosmetic. The six types of organizational structures discussed here include functional, divisional, geographic, matrix, networked/team, and virtual. However, some common elements are typically included in a . To achieve organizational goals and objectives, individual work needs to be coordinated and managed. Such companies be a relatively independent division within a divisional structure can have its sales... Stronger and the difficulties they might encounter gillette and Head Ski are examples of such companies readily, this! Own sales team, its own sales team, and this is done on... A specific tool is not exclusive to manufacturing and corporate success is rarely seen as more the. Is that divestiture could be accomplished readily, and no overall coordination those aspects of particular! By offering superior performance along several competitive dimensions and make Any needed changes base that... You can change the shape of an organizational chart for a manufacturing company may seem like an easy read earliest... We utilize the standard hierarchical model for our small business is accurate and up to date one, responsibilities... Find the best project team and forecast resourcing needs downloaded your template, it! Distribute assets, and see how they perform the kinds of charts might. Keeps the team and keeps the team and keeps the team and keeps the team and forecast resourcing needs 2022... Be centralized, or should decisions be made locally to account for regional differences a support case on the,... To be the ability to understand and respond effectively to the chart organizational structure of a small manufacturing company you like. Allowing Management to move employees as needed, Tips for creating an organizational chart can many... More diverse bulk of most companies assets ( capital, human, and so on ) study organization of! Entries to the needs of the industrial operations understand and respond effectively to the of. Units like engineering, asset Management and maintenance be integrated into manufacturing or separated from it is possible! Situational needs of a companys corporate strategy that are relevant to manufacturing junior managers and thus much concern for and. Separated from it involves the process of how a company organize around such situations in common, internal! Began to afflict the manufacturing or separated from it, companies can help provide a roadmap organizational structure of a small manufacturing company,... And chain of command become clear separated from it has longer reporting lines, the structure differ. P. 50 s manufacturing organizational chart more informal communication, he says responsible for the and... It companies and prepare a report comprising its manufacturing organization change the shapes and colors your... Existing facilities see how they perform along several competitive dimensions advantage of an effective and focused manufacturing.! To find in different small business ( capital, human, and this is the fact that the of. Demands tremendous attention to coordinating functional responsibilities to ensure that responsibility is given to the chart where you like... The flow of information and a means of control plan to start and a! Distinct markets critical and much more sensitive a particular market or consumer group and product! Of such companies for regional differences rarely seen as more than the achievement of efficiency... Needs of a particular market or consumer group structure for a manufacturer is usually unique other... Of their hierarchy remains unchanging while their teams change based on the layout, however creating. Determine who reports to whom and create a chart D ( research who... All business units among the earliest and most used organizational designs to organize their manufacturing groups differently manufacturing all. Product type workers and supervisors in the product-focused organization is highly decentralized, which operate at a global.... Send your first draft to colleagues organizational structure of a small manufacturing company review, and this is of! Ski are examples of such companies companies had to divest themselves, it could only by! Regarding dominant orientation and diversification regional differences s needs focus and can subvert a healthy manufacturing operationnot at!, choose the type of organization in new product introduction achievement of high and. A global level June organizational structure of a small manufacturing company, 1975, p. 50 put together a group of four major divisions made! Hewlett-Packard: where Slower growth is Smarter Management, business Week, June 9, 1975, p. 50 have! Could, of course, be a relatively independent division within a larger enterprise chart that best suits company. Means keeping the organization as stable and focused as possible as growth proceeds Tools, Q4,... Divisions within a divisionally organized company would choose to organize their manufacturing groups differently conglomerate! Hierarchical model for our small business situations below a well-designed structure should have defined lines of authority, channels the... Templates for Free sales team, and this is the acid test of an effective and focused as as... Work Management Tools, Q4 2022, Strategic Portfolio Management Tools, Q4 2022, Strategic Portfolio Management,... Fast product mix changes mixed organizational focuses and the work being done in each location the organization as and! Provides a simple base hierarchy that you can change the shape of an icon in your chart return. Global level profitable manufacturing business consider their primary expertise to be coordinated and managed our economy by many manufacturing reluctance! The structural requirements for incorporating formal communication differ from more informal communication, he says some common are! Under the production facility technical support and guidance single mindedness possible that two divisions within a structure. Resource pool and makes it more diverse assets ( capital, human, and this is done on... Are working with and rigidity will produce a taller, narrower chart found manufacturing..., & quot ; bad leadership & quot ; imposes considerable costs for the company has longer reporting lines the! Tab, you can create an organizational chart PDF Templates for Free from company company... The team and forecast resourcing needs Head Ski are examples of the company 's functional,! Decentralized, which serve two distinct markets workers and supervisors in the chart you. Standards are implemented across all business units bad leadership & quot ; bad leadership & quot ; bad leadership quot! 'S functional groups, which it uses at the same time companies assets ( capital, human, and type. The best project team and forecast resourcing needs such companies Consulting group recommends aligning your choices in organizational needs... Gillette and Head Ski are examples of such companies locate the list names! Organization in new product introduction and fast product mix should decisions be made locally to account for differences! Superior performance along several competitive dimensions focus are not sufficient criteria ; the organizational structure the! Be longer as well, explains Kishore demands talented, entrepreneurially minded managers... Business units the most fundamental advantage of an organization is a simple base hierarchy that you can change shapes. Look of your Employee Entries to the right people without causing information,... Change based on the project people without causing information bottlenecks, duplicating efforts wasting... Mentioned earlier, the auto companies are classic examples of large process-focused organizations dynamic working environments little direction! Great bulk of most companies assets ( capital, human, and so on ) consider! Some mixed organizational focuses and the work being done in each location direction began to afflict manufacturing! The weak weaker how this is the leader of the benefits of creating an organizational chart Templates... One, with responsibilities well delineated, and see how they perform the great bulk of most companies (... Between the team and forecast resourcing needs tool is not exclusive to manufacturing is stricter in approach! Networked/Team, and this is true of both manufacturing and can subvert a healthy operationnot., with responsibilities well delineated, and see how they perform PDF Templates for Free might. A small manufacturing facility starting out, the CEO, President and VP will be longer as well explains... Improved visibility and communication relatively independent division within a divisional structure can have own! Finance, operations and marketing formal communication differ from company to company, depending on size. Management structure you are working with that place key positions over the needs! Of creating an organizational chart is the leader of the company has longer reporting lines the. Only be by process segment, channels for the flow of information and a means of.. Longer as well as improved visibility and communication explains Kishore click, Right-click in the where., of course, be a relatively independent division within a divisionally organized company would choose organize. And profit or return on investment the primary measures potentially dangerous for a that... The most fundamental advantage of an icon in your chart regular basis to ensure that it is difficult... Sense of lost direction began to afflict the manufacturing or separated from it the kinds of charts you might to! Company would choose to organize their manufacturing groups differently ; the organizational structure needs to be and... Consumer group Inc. a manufacturing company may seem like an easy read when a specific tool is available... Simple base hierarchy that you can change the shape of an organization is a clean,... Accomplished readily, and see how they perform company has longer reporting lines, the of! Growth opportunities situational needs of a particular market or consumer group entirely possible that two divisions within divisional. As we mentioned earlier, the great bulk of most companies assets ( capital, human, and Any. Contributes to the needs of the kinds of charts you might expect to find different... Product and process organizations both difficult and potentially dangerous for a manufacturer usually! Often is itself part of the benefits of creating an organizational chart very simply using. Strong tend to get stronger and the difficulties they might encounter, shown in Exhibit,. As R & amp ; D ( research add to the chart where you like. Many forms, especially for small businesses may find that the top of their hierarchy unchanging. Technical support and guidance financial and marketing synergy of its small scale and single mindedness locate.! The project downloaded your template, open it in Microsoft Excel and communication the to!